Fairfax drive, suite 100, arlington, va 22203 1 metabolic syndrome is a complex medical condition that involves multiple related diseases including obesity, elevated blood sugars, high blood pressure hypertension and high. Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions. Metabolic syndrome 110 pharmacotherapy selfassessment program, 6th edition by obesity and insulin resistance, which gives rise to the development of this clustering of metabolic health risks. Metabolic syndrome affects approximately 24% of the us adult population. Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Complications resulting from metabolic syndrome significantly reduces quality of patients life and represents a huge socioeconomic burden. In malaysia, there is a lack of research comparing these different diagnostic criteria. Several expert groups have attempted to propose diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Worldwide definition for use in clinical practice table 1.
Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated a close link between maternal nutrition and chronic metabolic disease in children and. About 34 percent of adult americans are estimated to have it. Having three or more specific risk factors, such as high blood pressure or abdominal fat, boosts your risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease. During 20072012, nonhispanic black men were less likely than nonhispanic white men to have metabolic syndrome odds ratio or, 0. Jan 30, 2016 the metabolic syndrome is a combination of disorders that include. Does metabolic syndrome increase morbidity or mortality. The role of diet in metabolic syndrome national institutes. Mar 16, 2017 we analyzed data from the national health and nutrition examination survey nhanes for 1988 through 2012.
Understanding health risk indicators and proper application to worker. In one study, the presence of four or more metabolic syndrome risk factors was associated with a 3. Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality. Large waist a waistline that measures at least 35 inches 89 centimeters for women and 40 inches 102 centimeters for men high triglyceride level 150. A cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which occur together more often than by chance alone, have become known as the metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions increased blood pressure, a high blood sugar level, excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol levels that occur together, increasing ones risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. Insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, hypercoagulable. Metabolic syndrome mets represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, and. Nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome are at a very high risk for the development of diabetes. We defined metabolic syndrome as the presence of at least 3 of these components. Aetiology and consequences of the metabolic syndrome. However, a person with one characteristic is more likely to have others. Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2.
Metabolic syndrome symptoms and causes mayo clinic. Nov 10, 2006 the metabolic syndrome is a combination of metabolic disorders, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, compensatory hyperinsulinemia and the tendency to develop fat around the abdomen. You can have just one risk factor, but people often have several of them together. Jun 01, 2005 the data demonstrated that at all levels of severity of the metabolic syndrome, creactive protein added important and independent prognostic information in terms of future cardiovascular risk figure 3. The idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome page 4 of 7 part 3. Elucidating the precursors of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents may lead to new therapies to prevent the development of the metabolic syndrome or to mitigate the consequences of the metabolic syndrome later in life. The metabolic syndrome is a group of characteristics. Nutrition, epigenetics, and metabolic syndrome junjun wang,1 zhenlong wu,1 defa li,1 ning li,2 scott v. The metabolic syndrome is a multiplex risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, different diagnostic criteria have been recommended by different expert groups. The concordance of its various definitions has been. Metabolic syndrome and related disorders vol 16, no 6. Metabolic syndrome prevalence by raceethnicity and sex in.
Thus, determination of metabolic syndrome would be inferior to the use of a specific risk assessment method such as the diabetes predicting model, which takes family history into account. May 19, 2015 high prevalence of metabolic syndrome found in u. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Some experts view metabolic syndrome as the metabolic complications of obesity. Causes, incidence, and risk factors metabolic syndrome is becoming more and more common in the united states.
Various aspects of diet have been linked to metabolic syndrome in previous studies, but the diets role in the syndrome s genesis isnt well understood. A panel for early detection, management, and risk stratification in the west virginian population krithika srikanthan 1, andrew feyh, haresh visweshwar, joseph i. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis and treatment mayo clinic. High blood glucose sugar low levels of hdl good cholesterol in the blood high levels of triglycerides in the blood. The idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a group of five risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. The ultimate importance of metabolic syndrome is that it helps identify individuals at high risk for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease cvd. You do not need to have all of the characteristics to have it. In this study the result showed that metabolic syndrome using who criteria prevalent among 62 subjects 6. The metabolic syndrome has become one of the major public health challenges worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Although both names are synonymous and widely used, for the sake of consistency only the term metabolic syndrome will be used in this faq. Ncepatp iii and idf criteria for metabolic syndrome. The syndrome is found significantly more often in boys than girls. When you have at least three of them, it is called metabolic syndrome.
The new international diabetes federation idf definition. Doctors consider someone to have metabolic syndrome when they have 3 or more risk factors, which include elevated blood pressure, low hdl good cholesterol levels and diabetes or prediabetes. Most expert groups define metabolic syndrome as the presence of three or more of the following characteristics in a person. The metabolic syndrome ms is a multiplex risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ascvd. Ana denise brandao, jeferson hernandes da silva, sarah mariane oliveira lima, leiciane lima, bhianca loize, antonio adolfo mattos. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome amongyoung sudanese. Link to obesity as weight increases, so does the likelihood of having metabolic syndrome. With an extraordinary need for early intervention and prevention to slow or halt its progression, metabolic syndrome is one of the most challenging health problems. Metabolic syndrome is a group of risk factors that raises risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and other health problems. Edwards school of medicine, marshall university, usa 2. The number of metabolic syndrome components also influences the degree of risk. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome using nceb atpiii criteria was found to be in 67 students 7.
It is considered a multiplex cardiovascular risk factor, in that each component of the cluster of abnormalities is a risk factor in its own right. Among us adults aged 18 years or older, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome rose by more than 35% from 19881994 to 20072012, increasing from 25. Consensus statements international diabetes federation. Metabolic syndrome is a group of risk factors that include abdominal fat, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and unhealthy cholesterol levels. Its early identification is very important to facilitate preventive action. Who criteria, botnia cohort, isomaa, diabetes care 2001 all cause chd.
The idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic. Therefore, it is our aim to study the concordance between the idf and the modified ncep atp iii definitions of. Assess the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Only through an understanding of the science underlying this syndrome can successful interventions be developed and implemented. Metabolic syndrome is a condition in which a group of risk factors for cardiovascular. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of symptoms that can lead to diabetes and heart disease. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index. Learn more from webmd about the risk factors for this increasingly common syndrome. The purpose of study was to examine the of the individual risk factors metabolic syndrome aswell the prevalence of metabolic syndrome sex in the national health and nutrition examination survey nhanes 20032006. Individuals with the metabolic syndrome are at high risk for atherosclerosis and, consequently, cardiovascular disease. Who criteria, botnia cohort, isomaa, diabetes care 2001. Risk of developing metabolic syndrome increases as we age. Recommendations for treatment once a diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is made, the future management of the condition should be aggressive and uncompromising in its aim to reduce the risk of cvd and type 2 diabetes. National health statistics report number may 5, 2009.
Abstract the metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and arterial hypertension. The new international diabetes federation idf definition according to the new idf definition, for a person to be defined as having the metabolic syndrome they must have. This first simple, unified definition from the idf for children and adolescents is consistent with that available for adults. Metabolic syndrome fact sheet nami the national alliance on mental illness 1 800 950nami. It is composed of atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance and elevated glucose, a prothrombotic state, and a proinflammatory state. The national institutes of health guidelines define metabolic syndrome as having three or more of the following traits, including traits youre taking medication to control. The international diabetes federation idf worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome provides physicians with the tools to quickly identify those at risk and also to compare the impact across nations and ethnic groups. It is diagnosed when any three of the following five risk factors are present. Jama journal of the american medical association summary.